The Exotic Technologies Institute Grants for Exotic Construction Technology  Webster defines a building as, "a constructed edifice designed to stand more or less permanently, covering a space of land, covered by a roof and completely enclosed by walls. A building can be service as a house, apartment, mansion, storehouse, factory, shelter for human beings, or other useful structure. The Exotic Technologies Institute will fund construction grants for creating essential buildings, homes, extreme engineering projects, science cities and new infrastructures. The Exotic Technologies Institute can use new and existing infrastructures grants sources to create infrastructures for towns, extreme engineering projects, science cities and small scale growing cities. The Exotic Technologies Institute can create new infrastructures grants for towns, science cities, extreme engineering projects and growing small-scale cities. The new intrastructures  can provide service to the new buildings. The new infrastructures can act as expansion program for properties for existing buildings. The Exotic Technologies Institute can use land acquisition grants to buy low cost properties with and without existing buildings. Monolithic Domes and Cal Earth Institute buildings for the above aforementioned buildings The Exotic Technologies Institute will provide grants to the Monolithic Dome Institute, Cal Earth Institute for the creation of mass-produced buildings..  The Monolithic Dome Institute and Monolithic Domes industry contractors have are created more than 10,000 buildings. The Cal Earth Institute and their subcontractors are creating another 10,000 buildings at a single property site The use of strong mass produced low cost buildings can provide homes for the homeless and new residences for first time house owners. The mass produced Day Care Center can be created for working parents and people seeking work via the mass produced low cost mass produced buildings. The low cost mass produced buildings can provide  new mass produced Youth Centers. Mass produced Youth Centers with decent programs and surveillance equipment can protect children and teenagers from the dangerous streets. But the cost of forming dome structures, until relatively recently, has always been a major problem. Through the use of air-supported forms, such as the Air forms used in Monolithic Dome construction, superb structures can now be built economically. The shape and structure of an egg has always been a fascination. The egg shows us that a relatively soft and weak material can be used to create a very strong structural shape. A simple demonstration illustrating the strength of an egg was made using a 2' x 10' wood plank, supported on one end by a rigid support and on the other end by one hard-boiled egg. Four bags of Portland cement were placed on the plank, at center span, one at a time, for a total of 376 pounds or 188 pounds on one egg. The shell did not crack The buildings we are considering more specifically will include houses, schools, churches, storage facilities, industrial and commercial buildings for stadiums, ice rinks, hockey, football, baseball, basketball, and businesses. These structures usually have some basic requirements such as the following:

1.      Economy - Structure should be economical to build and maintain.

2.      Safety - Buildings should resist elements such as fire, wind, seismic, vandalism and deterioration.

3.      Aesthetics and Comfort - Requirements for a storage facility or a horse barn would be much different than for a house or church.

1. Economy

Concrete is the most common building material used throughout the world, followed by wood, steel and a number of miscellaneous materials. It has proven to be available and economical in many locations. However, it takes a lot of energy to produce Portland cement used to produce concrete. So, if we use concrete, we should use a type of building that requires a minimum amount of material that in turn requires the minimum amount of energy for producing the material to build the building.Recently, at the semi-annual convention of the American Concrete Institute, in Dallas, Texas, the famed P. Kumar Mehta, professor emeritus in the Civil Engineering Department at the University of California, Berkeley, was a keynote speaker, talking about "Reducing the Environmental Impact of Concrete." He said, "The world's yearly cement production of 1.6 billion tons accounts for about seven percent of the global loading of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Portland Cement, the principle hydraulic cement in use today, is not only one of the most energy-intensive materials of construction but also is responsible for a large amount of greenhouse gases.If we build concrete thin shell buildings, such as domes, a much smaller volume of building materials will be utilized. This will result in a very efficient use of building materials and hence reduce energy use and pollutionAs buildings are utilized, the amount of energy used in heating and air conditioning can be very significant. Suppose an economically constructed building could be built in such a manner as to reduce the average energy utilized in heating and air conditioning by 50% or more. An example of such a building is a concrete Monolithic Dome, built using an Air form, with urethane foam between the Air form and the concrete. A specific example of a dome house 40 feet in diameter, 19 feet high, consisting of two stories, with a total floor area of more than 2000 square feet, was built in 1986 in Springville, Utah. The Wilson dome used natural gas for heating, cooking and hot water with a gas bill for January, February and March in 1987 of $40, $35, $30 respectively. The natural efficiency of the 2-inch thick concrete dome with 2 inches of urethane foam provided pleasant summer living without air conditioning. When compared to a more conventional masonry house of the same size, with a wood truss roof, a new 98% efficient gas furnace, R30 insulation in the roof, and located in the same area, the average gas bill was double that of the dome home. The smaller surface area and less volume of the dome house, in addition to the increased R-value of approximately R60 and including the mass effect of the concrete inside of the urethane foam insulation, results in very significant energy savings throughout the building's life. Maintenance and upkeep of a concrete building is generally much less than that of a more conventional wood frame building.

2. Safety

Buildings should be capable of providing safety from the elements without excessive costs. If you live in a conventional wood framed house, with 1/2-inch sheet rock on the inside, 1/2-inch plywood on the outside of wood studs and siding or plaster on the outside, you live in a building that will protect you from some wind, rain, snow and sun. But heat and air conditioning costing twice as much as energy used by most concrete dome homes are common. And an inside fire will penetrate the 1/2-inch sheet rock in about 20 minutes. A recent example of a two-story frame house as described above had a fire from a wood-burning stove, in the middle of the night, and its occupants literally ran for their lives. The fire department was at the house in less than 20 minutes to put out the fire that caused extensive damage to the interior. House and contents would have been completely destroyed in another 20 minutes. Many people don't realize how fast fire works. Several years back in Georgia, four units of an apartment complex and some 25 automobiles in a nearby parking lot disappeared in just a few minutes. Someone accidentally tipped over a red-hot barbecue. Fire spread over the grass and within seconds attacked the vinyl siding that covered the buildings. Five fire fighting units arrived within seven minutes, but they could not save the four structures or the cars. Radiant heat from the burning buildings even melted the vinyl siding on two buildings 80 feet away. A fire chief later said that had the fire fighters been sitting on the spot, they could not have stopped that fire. In 1967 Chicago's famous McCormick Building -- steel construction throughout -- succumbed to fire. Steel is noncombustible, but it's probably one of the worst materials there is in case of fire. The heat of a fire stresses steel so it's unable to carry a load. It doesn't pop or crack; it just falls down. Chicago replaced its original steel building with a reinforced concrete structure. Price, Utah has a municipal complex of four Monolithic Domes: a 90' x 30', three-story office facility and three other domes that each measure 130' x 43'. If fire happened in the office building, what would happen to the other three domes? Nothing! The fire would be contained; it would never get outside. The fire might destroy whatever was inside, but the shell would survive. If a fire attacked the outside of a Monolithic Dome, it might melt the foam, but the concrete would still be there. Winds cause extensive damage to buildings on a regular basis. Hurricanes, such as Andrew in Florida in 1992 that completely destroyed more than 6000 homes and other buildings at a cost of 25 to 30 billion dollars, are not uncommon. Earthquakes such as the Northridge, California earthquake of 1994 caused an estimated financial loss of over 20 billion dollars. It is interesting to note that the duration of the strong motion at most locations only lasted between 10 and 15 seconds. On January 17, 1995 an earthquake in Kobe, Japan caused great destruction and loss of life. The collapse of residential housing was the single biggest factor in the quake's heavy casualty toll: 5373 dead; 34,568 injured; 320,298 homeless. Overall, 82,105 buildings totally collapsed, another 98,892 buildings partially collapsed. Damage estimates exceeded 100 billion U.S. dollars. We are reminded each year of the destructive nature of tornadoes. The U.S. Government has sponsored considerable research and made publications available on techniques that can be used to build a safe room inside your house, that may save your life if a tornado impacted your home. These safe rooms are usually built with reinforced concrete walls and roofs, or reinforced masonry, or sheets of steel combined with heavy plywood, or combinations of these anchored in such a manner as to remain in place even if the house is destroyed. Tornadoes are extreme conditions that affect a small number of buildings and people, but are very devastating to those involved. Tornadoes are placed in several categories, with the worst being F4 and F5.

F4 Devastating: Well-constructed houses are destroyed; some structures are lifted from foundations and blown some distance; cars are blown some distance; large debris becomes airborne.

F5 Incredible: Strong frame houses are lifted from foundations; reinforced concrete structures are damaged; automobile-sized missiles become airborne; trees are completely debarked.

Most reinforced concrete Monolithic Domes are easily designed to withstand earthquakes, hurricanes and even the strongest tornadoes and remain standing in the same location. It becomes easier and more economical to build a safe, reinforced concrete house that provides safety for all these conditions by utilizing a Monolithic Dome building than any other type of structure.

Monolithic Domes provide great strength. Some years ago, a group in Colorado built a small dome about 60' in diameter, 30' high and 2" thick. It had windows, a door, and a large opening, about 40' wide, on one side. After several years of use, the owners decided to sell the property. But the new owner wasn't interested in keeping the dome, so he hired a local contractor to remove it. After inspecting the dome, the contractor said that he could remove it in less than one day. He considered using a large front-end loader to lift the dome on the side opposite its wide entrance. This, he thought, would cause the dome to collapse, and the concrete could then be broken up and hauled away. But when he actually tried this, it didn't work. His heavy equipment would not lift one side of the dome. The contractor then brought up his crane with a large steel wrecking ball meant to knock down the dome in short order. That did not work. Hours of pounding on the dome just made it look like a giant piece of Swiss cheese. It took the contractor more than a week to remove the dome.

Safety and peace of mind go hand-in-hand. When you live in a building that protects you from natural forces, you feel comfortable and at ease when the wind blows. If you live in an area where a few human beings are ruthless, mean, and inclined to rob, steal and shoot holes in houses as they drive down the road, then a reinforced concrete barrier can also bring peace to your soul. David South took a 30-06 rifle and fired into the side of a 2-inch thick Monolithic Dome and there was no penetration.

Most of the houses in this country are of wood frame type construction with plywood on the outside of wood studs and sheet rock on the inside. Some walls are veneered with brick, but most are covered with plaster or sheeting. Consider going to the local hardware store and purchasing a battery-powered cutout tool or a battery-powered skill saw with the intent of entering a house through the outside wall. I estimate that with either of these simple tools a hole large enough to enter could be cut in less than one minute. In areas where human elements are a threat to the safety of your house, several locks and bolts on your door are not sufficient to protect your property. The old statement that locks are only for honest people is still true, but it would take a lot longer with much more effort to enter through two inches or more of reinforced concrete.

3. Comfort and Aesthetics

Comfort is the homey, intimate term, which implies the imparting of cheer, hope and strength as well as the lessening of pain. People who have lived in Monolithic Domes have indicated that it was very comfortable, meaning there were no drafts, the temperature was very consistent and the fuel consumption was economical. They did not worry about storms or heavy snow or outside noise. It was very comfortable. A house hidden in the hills or in the backcountry may be rather plain but very aesthetic to the owner, partly because it is comfortable and economical. The same house located at the center of attention in a high-density, residential area, consisting of more conventional construction, may be considered undesirable or even ugly. Aesthetics usually consider the type of building and how it associates with its surrounding conditions. Comfort and aesthetics need not greatly increase costs. A beautiful and functional concrete dome building can provide the economy, safety and comfort desired easier than any other building system for some locations. And Air forms can create unusual, unique shapes, such as a dome in Colorado built to look like a large flying saucer. A circular ring was installed around the form and held out in its final position by a series of cables attached to the ground. The Air form arrived at the job site and was attached to the foundation and inflated. But it took all day before this dome was ready for foam, rebar and concrete. So the crew decided to wait till morning to start foaming. They left for the night, not realizing that lights were still on inside this dome, sitting above the town. The next morning, just as the crew started construction, police arrived followed by a long line of townspeople. Through the night the locals had been watching this shining dome that looked like a flying saucer, but no one had the courage to investigate until daylight.Buildings are built as permitted by local building codes for the welfare and safety of the public, and we should remember that building codes are not designed to prevent damage to buildings. That is unrealistic given the magnitude of possible earthquakes, hurricanes and tornadoes. Rather, the aim is for buildings to resist catastrophic damage and thus prevent deaths and serious injuries. Concrete dome buildings succeed in providing safety to their occupants better than most other buildings. Halting Deforestation in the U.S. and around the globe (60-70% of forests are cut for construction). Lumber costs have sky-rocketed, and the senseless buying of expensive wood, using it as two by fours, and hiding it behind plaster walls is gnawing at many builders' consciences.  Our living environment, like our food, must be free of toxic materials. These are all too abundant in many building products and are the cause of many allergies and other illnesses today. Cost. More and more people are collapsing under heavy mortgage payments and are desperately looking for a self-help way out of their financial dilemmas. Progressive technologies. More and more, the barriers to alternative building systems such as straw bale, recycled material, and earth construction methodologies are opening up. Many building regulations and seemingly unbreakable rigid codes are being reconsidered and made more responsive to public demands across the nation. This is happening because many generally accepted building systems are succumbing to fires, floods, hurricanes and earthquakes, while many earthen buildings are surviving such disasters rising phoenix-like from the ashes, because in many cases they are more fireproof, more hurricane-proof and overall more disaster resistant than many expensive building materials used today. More conscious building officials are beginning to see the potential of earth as we go into the 21st century. They, too, are beginning to see how much they can help the environment, health and welfare of their fellow humans in these pressing times." In December 1995 the prototypes in earth architecture at Cal-Earth Institute passed crucial seismic tests. These tests were the deciding factor which allowed Hesperia Building and Safety Department to approve the earthen construction systems and issue the permit to build the Hesperia Museum and Nature Center; after a long and arduous review of the architectural and engineering plans and calculations by the ICBO (International Conference of Building Officials) and Hesperia's Building and Safety DepartmentThe project broke ground in April 1996; it is under construction and in the fund-raising stage, to be built with Super adobe, Ceramics and clay brick Masonry.Super adobe is an evolving concept based on a super-long, instant adobe elementImagine it to be like sandbags, filled with earth from the site and fitted together like adobe or masonry block, only bonded with barbed wire instead of mortar. Or it can be a super-long sandbag; coiled to make walls and domes the way a potter coils a pot. Super adobe is an adobe that reaches from history into the new century. It may be the earth architecture block of the new century." Where did this idea and its development come from? "It evolves from meditation, hands-on work, and searching for safe and affordable shelter for humanity. It is developed by minds that do not want to be bound to any one system of earth construction and look only to one direction. The fundamental idea is to simplify, simplify, simplify.  For the last five years research at Cal-Earth has developed through the building of prototype structures and then testing them in a variety of ways.  The Super adobe (sandbag and barbed wire construction system) has been developed to create an instant rammed-earth type wall. Standard or long tubular bags are pumped or hand-filled with on-site earth (unprocessed or stabilized) and coiled in place to form walls, structural arches, domes and vaults, reinforced with strands of barbed wire. This method is a spin off of the original system designed by Khalili for NASA's space/lunar program. The Super adobe technology has been refined to enable pumped earth coils to become a viable alternative to fast track American building systems.      New exterior plastering techniques called "Rep-tile" have recently been developed at Cal-Earth. These create beautiful natural finishes, which  do not require plaster Stabilization of the eroding shoreline at Hesperia Lake has been taking place over the last two years using the Super block storm coils. Following the natural curvature of the waterway, land was reclaimed and an overflow channel also created with the same system. The Landscape exhibit at Los Angeles County Fairground was supervised by Cal-Earth and built by inmates to demonstrate the appropriateness of Super adobe to follow the contours of the landscape, to create retaining walls, planters, waterfalls, ponds, and integrate garden structures with the land itself. At risk teenagers have been learning fast at Cal-Earth thanks to Laura Huxley, widow of author Aldous Huxley, whose foundation 'Our Ultimate Investment' generously donated funds for the scholarship program, which she was inspired to name "Make a House Before you Make a Baby". Working hands-on to build with earth, meditate and become empowered in their lives, they learn holistically with all the senses at once. The program is now successfully in it's second year. "Teens build for success - Personal paths discovered while building house.    They have learned much more than revolutionary new construction techniques. Later they were taught the relationship between the physical and spiritual parts of life. This unity was demonstrated to them by having them compare it with the unity of the natural structures they built." - Daily Press 6/22/96 "Elementary school children at a Hesperia school are preparing to learn from Khalili and the Cal-Earth staff to start building a dome themselves in their own school yard. "If you really want to change the current image of acceptable housing, to find alternative methods and materials, and stop deforestation, then you must change the image of the house that we teach every child. The image of a box with a hip roof, square window, and chimney is wrong." says Khalili . When he talks to schoolchildren he asks them to imagine building their house out of a rainbow...."It means you make them conscious that a house does not need to have a pitched roof and be made from timbers and that everything under their feet is dirt and you can't create anything with dirt. You can create anything in this country....a child will learn that at any point they can pick up what is there and build themselves a shelter." - New Mexico Designer/Builder Dec. Training was provided by Cal-Earth to the United Nations, and transfer of technology through the UN TOKTEN program, to build refugee homes in the Middle East. With the participation of the refugees themselves fourteen prototype homes were built and are in use, with the intention of constructing a settlement for 10,000. "Nader Khalili has devoted the better part of a successful architecture career to finding affordable ways to get people housed. His latest effort is to promote Super adobe, a long sandbag filled with dirt coiled like a clay pot to form a home anyone can build. Once we receive a formal declaration of the human right to housing, the education to make it happen, and the networking amongst those who want change, things 1will change.(Khalil)" - A Prototype house to the United Nations minimum standards for a family is being built using the Super block/sandbag and barbed wire system at Cal-Earth. This design, of three rectangular rooms with arching, vaulted roofs, is the building block for a variety of larger house designs, including two, three, and four-bedroom houses, which can be built to American standards. The vaulted roofs are oriented for sun and wind for natural cooling, heating and ventilation, and the design incorporates a wind catcher/energy tower and solar oven. Repeating the single room unit, a family or contractor/developer can build two, three and four-bedroom houses. The systems were developed to build by hand but this year successful trials at Cal-Earth showed that some sub-contractors could use their own equipment and skills to build the same house faster. The focus is on putting these new technologies into the mainstream.Exotic Technologies Institute will provide grants for construction projects on Earth and in outer space Radio Wave Tailored Force Fields technology have been developed by NASA and the Georgia Institute of Technology. The Exotic Technologies Institute will provide grants and low cost alternative energy devices for the unconventional construction technology developed by NASA and Georgia Institute of Technology. NASA has provided NIAC NASA grants to create and develop unconventional construction technology. The above unconventional construction technology has been tested successfully by NASA and the Georgia Institute of Technology in outer space. The problem of building radiation shields for humans inside manned space ships and space colonies must be solved. All current concepts for permanent radiation shields involve very large mass, and expensive and hazardous construction methods. In the aforementioned university/NASA project they had consider how such massive structures will be assembled automatically, using at most telepresence or robotic control.    A unique set of experiments by our NASA/Georgia Institute of Technology team had shown that by tailoring potential fields, large numbers of objects can be moved into desired positions and desired shapes can be constructed in reduced-gravity environments. Under this NASA /university project, the promise of this high technology idea was investigated for several types of force fields suitable for automated construction at levels ranging from micrometer-scale discs, to kilometer-scale habitats. The theory for radiation force was generalized and applied to acoustic, optical and other electromagnetic fields. A sample case using silicon dioxide particles of various sizes was used to develop a direct comparison of the accelerations obtainable using different wavelengths of radiation. The feasibility of building objects at the 0.1 m scale using acoustic fields had already been proven through reduced-gravity flight experiments.        This was carried forward with experiments being developed for space-flight proof on the STS. A concept for a 50m-scale shield built using radio waves was explored. Calculations show that with developments in extraterrestrial infrastructure, this offers strong potential as a construction technique for the future. Thus the primary obstacle to all of the ideas here is the development of an economic basis for extraterrestrial infrastructure. This was addressed by considering the architecture required to develop a suitable Space habitat in the middle term future. Calculations show that in the 15 - 30yr time frame, a 2km diameter, 2km long cylindrical radiation shield can be built at the Earth-Moon L-2 Lagrangian point using lunar materials and solar-powered quasi-steady electromagnetic fields. The project architecture is aligned with proposals for various other elements of a Space-Based Economy, bringing project cost well within reason.    NASA has successfully tested the acoustic wave technology and radio wave technology for important construction experiments. The theory holds up in light of experiments that radio waves technologies with sufficient power and the right patterns can be used to create large-scale objects from bricks to the creation of large space ships and space colonies.  There are a large number of asteroids are located in the Near-Earth Object region. The Near Earth Object region is located in Earth’s orbit around the Sun.  Therefore these asteroids are often called NEO asteroids or Near Earth Orbit asteroids. The exact orbits of objects are located nearby or just inside of the planet Earth’s orbit there are over 8,000 known large-scale and small-scale asteroids scale located in our NEO asteroid belt. There are up to three thousand asteroids that pass nearby our planet Earth per year. According to one theory there are up to one half billion asteroids surrounding our home planet in the same asteroid belt. In terms of construction materials, extraterrestrial water resources, and material wealth beyond the Moon these NEO asteroids are the closest bodies to our planet Earth.  Where the asteroids have been beyond the orbit of the Moon? The other two asteroid belts are located near the orbit of planet Mars and well-known Main Asteroid Belt. The Main Asteroid Belt is located between the orbits of planet Mars and Jupiter. The L-5 region of the Earth-Sun system is believed to have entrained thousands of objects, which are either asteroid fragments or commentary fragments. Some asteroids are believed to contain water ice and carbon. Meanwhile other asteroids may have substantial metallic resources. Suitable construction material for humanity would be metal oxide such as silicon dioxide. The signal round-trip time from Earth is on the order of 20 minutes the diversity of resources in the region demand intelligent presence. For these reasons, this L-5 region is most likely to have the greatest need for a permanent, large-scale radiation shielded habitat. Magnetic field will be able to separate different materials. Electromagnetic fields move the desired materials near the nodal planes of the resonator, which depend on the driving frequency. The material forms walls along and parallel to the nodal planes. Energy at other frequencies is beamed to melt and fuse the walls. Radiant cooling hardens them into rigid structures. Radiation-shielded habitats could be formed for the first resource-prospectors and extraction crews to live in this L-5 region. The radio wave tailored force fields technology for the creation of spaceship structures and space colonies could be formed for long-duration space missions and promotion of solar system wide space colonization projects.For a single-point design example, we assume that the basic construction material to build a radiation shield will be blocks roughly 0.2m in diameter, obtained by breaking pieces off asteroids. The appropriate radiation for this would radio waves inthe2MHz to 5MHzrange. In this regime, high-power transmitters can be built, with excellent conversion efficiency from solar-generated electricity.  There are types of more compact energy sources that might serve as power sources such as compact hydrogen powered MHD generators, compact zero point energy sources and compact nuclear reactors.  The example of the power needed is given below.  To form a cylinder 50 m in diameter and 50 m long we would excite a 220 mode in a rectangular cavity of dimension comparable to 50 x 100 x 100 m.  In the below power calculation a radio beam 100 meters in diameter was conservatively used for comparisons with conventional data.  The choice of habitat dimension in this case is argued as follows: Unlike the 1km-radius cylinder considered in this one is intended for sparse inhabitation, primarily by technical people, and primarily for shelter in the NEO region. It is not intended as a permanent habitat. The present conception of the construction method envisages a resonator set up using large moveable antenna arrays – thus the size of the structure built in one formation operation, will be limited by the resonator size. It is also likely that these structures, once assembled, may have to be propelled to different regions. In this case, it is more practical to build the shelter in modules, then attach them using tethers and set them in a 1-rpm revolution with a 1km radius, in order to obtain 1-G. These considerations justify the selection of a 50m diameter by 50m long cylinders as the initial test caseThe collector mass is calculated, assuming a nominal panel thickness made of lunar regolith-derived material. Thin-film solar collectors may be an option, but the manufacture cost must be traded off against the shipping cost .The assembled structure itself is assumed to be a 2m thick cylinder. The particle acceleration level is chosen to be well above the acceleration level due to any background radiation. With the level chosen above, particles will drift into position within about 1 hour.  The total of 13 hours is chosen to provide enough time to fuse critical portions of the structure in place (using focused beams not considered in the above power calculation), so that the rest of the structure can be completed after the field is turned off. Calculations for the time taken to form cylindrical walls inside an electromagnetic resonator operated at the 220 modes. . The last curve shows the time taken (in hours) as a function of source intensity. Note conservative estimates were used for sources of radio intensity - above range is from 5MW to 500MW sources.There has been at least one demonstration that such radio power levels are possible: The Arecibo Transmission. In 1974, the Arecibo observatory transmitted a message into outer space, as part of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) program. The power of the transmission was 20 TW. The frequency was 2380 MHz -the wavelength was roughly 12.6 cm. The signal duration was 169 seconds. This power level is well above that projected in the previous pages. Certainly, the hurdles of constructing such a transmitter at the Earth-Sun L-5 region will be a challenge, but it is well within feasibility. The Arecibo facility is shown in the design of antennae/ resonators/ amplifiers for Radio Wave TFF .  In recent years, probes sent to a comet and an asteroid have successfully completed their missions.Sample extraction techniques involving projectiles have been demonstrated.  One of the issues with doing work on an asteroid surface is the difficulty of attaching the craft to the surface – the low gravity level defeats concepts where vehicle weight is used as the counter-balance to exert intense continuous or impact pressure at points on the surface. Future vehicles for such missions will be robotic. The legs may have to drill and thread holes into the surface in order to obtain a firm purchase on the surface.The vehicle may carry a mechanical hammer or a core-drilling machine, operated by solar energy, to break the rocky material into 10-cm sized blocks. If a suitable asteroid is found which is just a loose collection of rocks, the problem reduces to sorting out the bigger blocks to break up.In the acoustic resonator, walls form single-particle thick. What happens when the nodal troughs are filled is not known. Ground experiments show the initiation of several smaller walls parallel to the primary nodal surfaces. If the walls formed reflect the waves in the field, the resonator switches to the next harmonic (that becomes the mode where losses are least). However, if the walls are transparent, then it should be possible to accumulate thicker walls. A more troubling possibility is that the particles may simply slide along the nodes and spill out at the edges of the resonator. Such behavior has been observed in the case of walls of water formed in an acoustic resonator at 1-G, where a fountain forms at the top of the water sheet which is formed. However it is not observed in the acoustic resonator with solid particles. Should this happen, then the appropriate course is to harden a coarse lattice of particles as soon as they reach the nodal plane, and allow subsequent particles to drift towards this lattice, and be heated so that they fuse with the lattice.  A system for beaming intense sunlight (or converted beams of other wavelength) is needed. These beams will focus on small areas of the walls at a time, causing the surface material to melt and spread, in order to fuse the walls together.  The acoustic resonator can create objects from nanometers too much larger objects. The multibillion-dollar nanotechnology industry can use the acoustic resonators to create low cost nanotechnology products using sound and electricity.  In theory the acoustic resonators can be use to create other products on a much larger scale. The Exotic Technologies Institute grants for the exotic energy force fields construction technology will be for  R&D programs, protypes  and .pilot plants.  The R&D and venture capitial funding  for light weight  alternative energy production equitment These  alternative energy production equitment   are compact and  lightweight. Such energy production equitment can be transport to many locations within solar system. Here are just a few examples of these production equitment are   nanotechnology based  solar cell devices hydrogen powered energy production technology, zero point energy production and  fuel cell  technology